Metal laser cutting machines have become an indispensable tool in various industries for their precise and efficient cutting capabilities. Understanding the operating requirements and techniques for cutting sheet metal at different power levels is essential for achieving optimal results. In this article, we will explore the specific considerations for low-power, medium-power, and high-power metal laser cutting.

1.Low-Power Cutting (< 1000W):

Sheet Metal Thickness: Low-power laser cutting machines are suitable for thin sheet metal, typically up to 3mm. The lower power output ensures finer and more controlled cutting for delicate materials.

Assist Gas: While low-power cutting may not require a dedicated assist gas, using a small amount of compressed air or nitrogen can help remove debris and improve the cutting quality.

Focus Adjustment: Proper focus adjustment is crucial for achieving precise cuts. By adjusting the focal length, the laser beam can be focused to a small spot size, ensuring clean and accurate cutting results.

2.Medium-Power Cutting (1000W – 2000W):

Sheet Metal Thickness: Medium-power laser cutting machines can handle thicker sheet metal, typically ranging from 3mm to 10mm. The increased power allows for faster cutting speeds and improved productivity.

Assist Gas: Using assist gas, such as oxygen or nitrogen, is essential for medium-power cutting. Oxygen is commonly used for its high reactivity, enabling faster cutting speeds, while nitrogen is preferred for materials sensitive to oxidation. The gas flow rate and pressure should be adjusted based on the specific material and desired cutting quality.

Focus Adjustment: Similar to low-power cutting, precise focus adjustment is necessary for achieving optimal cutting results. Proper control of the focal length ensures a concentrated laser beam and enhances cutting accuracy.

3.High-Power Cutting (> 2000W):

Sheet Metal Thickness: High-power laser cutting machines are suitable for thicker sheet metal, typically above 10mm. High-power cutting enables fast and efficient cutting but requires more advanced operational techniques.

Assist Gas: In high-power cutting, the role of assist gas becomes more prominent. Proper gas selection and control are critical for cooling the cutting zone, removing molten material, reducing oxidation reactions, and achieving superior cutting quality and speed. Commonly used assist gases include nitrogen, oxygen, and a combination of auxiliary gases such as argon.

Focus Adjustment: High-power cutting demands precise focus adjustment. Accurate control of the focal distance and spot size allows for finer cutting control and higher cutting quality.

In the operation of metal laser cutting machines for sheet metal, besides adjusting cutting parameters according to the power level, the following operational requirements should be considered:

• Material Fixation: Proper fixation of the sheet metal is essential to ensure cutting accuracy and stability. Using fixtures, clamping devices, or dedicated jigs to secure the sheet metal is a common operational practice.
• Safety Measures: Metal laser cutting machines generate high-energy laser beams, requiring strict adherence to safety regulations and operating procedures. Operators should wear personal protective equipment, maintain a safe distance, and avoid direct exposure to the laser beam.

By setting appropriate cutting parameters, employing suitable operational techniques, and adhering to strict safety measures, metal laser cutting machines can achieve high-quality and efficient sheet metal cutting at different power levels, meeting the processing needs of various industries.